英漢互譯自考2012年4月真題答案

本試卷為英漢互譯題型，有英譯漢，漢譯英，詞組翻譯類型的題型。

一、Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each) A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D、 Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.

1. From both sides of the valley little streams slipped out of the hill canyons and fell into the Salinas River.

A.洼地兩面的峽谷流出的澗水注入薩利納斯河。
B.從峽谷洼地的兩面流出的澗水匯入薩利納斯河。
C.從峽谷洼地的兩面流出了澗水，注入薩利納斯河。
D.洼地兩面的峽谷都有澗水流出，匯入薩利納斯河。

2.It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated

A.知道你的杰出事業(yè)如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞，你就會力量倍增。
B.知道你的杰出事業(yè)如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞，你就會堅定信念。
C.這會使你堅定地認識到，因為你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞。
D.這會使你進一步堅定信念，因為你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞。

3. True friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.

A.真正的友誼就像健康一樣，它的價值很少有人知道，直到失去以后。
B.真正的友誼就像健康一樣，它的價值直到失去后才被少數人知道。
C.真正的友誼就像健康一樣，價值要到失去后才能體驗到。
D.真正的友誼就像健康一樣，失去了才覺得寶貴。

4. At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.

A.現在，人們往往采取安全回答問題的態(tài)度，這樣比較不偏不倚。
B.現在，人們有一種傾向，即選擇不偏不倚地回答問題的安全方法。
C.現在，人們往往采取不偏不倚的態(tài)度來回答問題，這樣比較安全。
D.現在，人們有一種安全的選擇傾向，即不偏不倚地回答問題。

5. What aids there were to lighten labor were immemorial, like the mill, which was already ancient in Chaucer’s time.

A.像磨房一樣的一些旨在減輕勞動強度的古代機械，在喬叟時代就已經是古董了。
B.一些旨在減輕勞動強度的機器不知從何時代起就有了，比如磨房，在喬叟時代就已經是古董了。
C.一些旨在減輕勞動強度的古代機械，比如磨房，在喬叟時代就已經是古董了。
D.像磨房一樣的一些在喬叟時代就已經用了很久的機器，旨在減輕勞動強度，不知從何時代起就有了。

6.這種果汁有蘋果的味道。

A.The juice tastes of apple.
B.The juice tastes from apple.
C.The juice tastes as an apple.
D.The juice tastes like an apple.

7.他把兒子鎖在屋里，以免他再次逃學。

A.He locked his son in, in case he play truant again.
B.He locked his son in, in case he played truant again.
C.He locked his son in, in case he might play truant again.
D.He locked his son in, in case he would play truant again.

8.做完那件事后，他就直接去了醫(yī)院。

A.That done he went straight to the hospital.
B.That done, he went straight to the hospital.
C.He went straight to the hospital, that done.
D.He went straight to the hospital that done.

9.你把需要的那本書放在什么地方啦?

A.Where have you put the book which needed?
B.Where have you put the book that needed?
C.Where have you put the book needed?
D.Where have you put the book to need?

10.我們無論怎樣贊美他的工作，都不過分。

A.We should not praise him very much for his work.
B.We must not praise him very much for his work.
C.We may not praise him too much for his work.
D.We cannot praise him too much for his work.

二、Multiple Choice Questions

Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D、 Choose the one that best completes each statement and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.

11.與鳩摩羅什的譯文相比，玄奘的譯文更______。

A.傾向于直譯
B.傾向于意譯
C.傾向于音譯
D.傾向于音意結合

12.______在1 954年全國文學翻譯工作會議上指出：“我們對翻譯工作決不能采取輕率的態(tài)度。翻譯工作者必須具有高度的責任感?！?/p>

A.傅雷
B.茅盾
C.郭沫若
D.王佐良

13.According to Eugene A、 Nida, the extent to which the forms must be changed in order to preserve the meaning will depend upon the ______ distance between languages.

A.linguistic
B. cultural
C. structural
D.linguistic and cultural

14.原文: It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education. 譯文：告誡成年子女不要犯錯誤，那是沒有用的，一來他們不聽你的，二來犯錯誤本身也是受教育的一個重要部分。 翻譯本句時，譯者運用的主要翻譯方法是______。

A.省略法
B.增詞法
C.詞類轉換法
D.反說正譯

15. ______ is a strategy in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for target language readers. This method is “an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to target-language cultural values, bringing the author back home.”

A.Literal translation
B.Rigid translation
C.Foreignization
D.Domestication

三、Word and Phrase Translation(20 points, 1 point each) Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

21.(16) gamma rays(17) the New Testament(18) ecologist(19) entrepreneurial spirit(20) court of appeals(21) Royal Society(22) a letter of patent(23) consecutive interpretation(24) instrument of ratification(25) the six-party talks

22.B、 Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet.(26)諾貝爾獎獲得者(27)福利基金(28)國際經濟合作(29)珠江三角洲(30)北洋軍閥政府(31)民族團結(32)金融服務業(yè)(33)大陸架(34)世界文化遺產(35)聯合國教科文組織

四、Translation Revision(20 points, 2 points each) A. Correct or improve the translation of the following English sentences. Write your revised Versions on the Answer Sheet.

31.Example:原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.譯文：阿德萊德享有地中海型氣候。改譯：阿德萊德屬地中海型氣候。原文：All the boys are being quiet today. I wonder what they’re up to.

32.原文：The street peddler hawked, ‘‘Now or never!’’

33.原文：I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was getting olD、

34.原文：What’s more, according to intelligence in the West, this troop could be doubled in its strength within 30 days.

35. 原文: He’s already past recovery.

36.B、 Correct or improve the translation of the following sentences. Write the revised versions on your Answer Sheet.Example:原文：能為他的這本散文集子作序，我覺得很榮幸。譯文：To write a preface to this collection of his essay gives me a great honor.改譯：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.原文：奪取這個勝利，已經不需要很久的時間，不要花費很大的氣力了;鞏固這個勝利，則是需要很久的時間和花費很大的氣力的。

37.原文：他送來的稿子，我不能仔細全部欣賞完，但我卻充分感覺到了他的文章的魅力。

38.原文：要是當時他請她跳了舞，現在又知道她的芳名，那該有多好啊!

39.原文：虎越來越少，貓卻越來越多;虎瀕于滅絕，貓卻成了寵物。

310.原文：于生效之日起，此協(xié)議有效期為三年。

五、Passage Translation(30 points, 15 points each) Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

41. 原文：Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States. China will continue to depend upon lucrative export markets to earn the foreign exchange it needs to develop and grow. At the same time, China’s imports will supply the much needed advanced technology to fuel its continued development. For the United States, new commercial opportunities will grow most rapidly in the emerging markets. We estimate that three quarters of new export opportunities over the next twenty years-that’s an incredible $ 1.9 trillion in potential exports-will come in the emerging markets of Asia and Latin America. This means jobs for American workers and a higher standard of living for the American people.

42.B、 Translate the following passage into English. Write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (15 points)原文： 諸位畢業(yè)生和同學們： 你們現在要離開母校了，我沒有什么禮物送給你們，只好送你們一句話吧。這句話是：“不要拋棄學問。”你們以前所修的課程中大部分是為了這張文憑，那是別無選擇，非修不可的。從今以后，你們可以按照自己的心愿去學習了。希望趁你們還年輕、精力充沛，努力學一門專業(yè)知識。 …… 易卜生( Henrik Ibsen)說過：“你們的最大責任是把自己這塊材料鑄成器?！? 學問便是鑄器的工具，拋棄了學問便是毀了你們自己。 你們的母校期待著，看你們十年以后成什么器。