2017年10月全國自主考試英語閱讀(一)真題及答案

2017年10月全國自主考試英語閱讀(一)真題及答案，英語閱讀歷年真題

一、Careful Reading

(40 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answers and write the corresponding letters on your Answer Sheet.

1.Passage 1Questions 1 to s are based on the following passage.Mount Rushmore (now known as the President's Mountain), located just north of Custer State Park in South Dakota's Back Hills National Forest, was named for the New York lawyer Charles E. Rushmore, who traveled to the Black Hills in 1884 to inspect mining claims in the region. When Rushmore asked a local man the name of a nearby mountain, he reportedly replied that it never had a name before, but from now on would be known as Rushmore Peak (later Mount Rushmore).Seeking to attract tourism to the Black Hills in the early 1920s, South Dakota's state historian Doane Robinson came up with the idea to sculpt (雕刻)the rocks into the shape of historian heroics of the West. In August 1924, Robinson contacted Qutzon Borglum, an American sculptor of Danish descent who was then working on carving an image of the Confederate General Robert E. Lee into the face of Georgia's Stone Mountain Borglum suggested that the subjects of the South Dakota work be George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, as that would attract more national interest. He would later add Thomas Jefferson and Theodore Roosevelt to the list, in recognition of their contributions to the birth of democracy and the growth of the United States.After President Calvin Coolidge traveled to the Black Hills for his summer vacation, Borglum convinced the president to deliver an official dedication speech at Mount Rushmore on August 10, 1927; carving began that October. In 1929, during the last days of his presidency, Coolidge signed legislation appropriating ＄250,000 in federal funds for the Rushmore project and creating the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Commission.On July 4, 1930, a dedication ceremony was held for the head of Washington. After workers found the stone in the original site to be too weak, they moved Jefferson’s head from the right of Washington's to the left; the head was dedicated in August 1936, in a ceremony attended by President Franklin D.Roosevelt in September 1937, Lincoln's head was dedicated, while the fourth and final head- that of Theodore Roosevelt -was dedicated in July 1939. Gutzon Borglum died in March 1941, and it was lent to his son Lincoln to complete the final details of Mount Rushmore in time for its dedication ceremony on October 31 of that year. Mount Rushmore National Memorial, known as the "Shrine of Democracy," has become one of the most iconic images of America and an international tourist attraction. In 1991, Mount Rushmore celebrated its 50th anniversary after undergoing a ＄40 million restoration project. The National Park Service, which maintains Mount Rushmore, records upwards of 2 million visitors every year.Mount Rushmore is also called______

A.Georgia"s Stone Mountain
B.the President"s Mountain
C.the National Park
D.the Black Hills

2. For what did Doane Robinson suggest sculpting the rocks into the shape of historic heroes of the West?

A.To recognize the heroes" importance in the birth of democracy.
B.To recognize the heroes" contribution to the West
C.To attract national interest.
D.To attract more tourists,

3. What did Gutzon Borglum convince President Calvin Coolidge to do?

A.To create a national commission.
B.To deliver an official dedication speech.
C.To set up a fund for the Rushmore project.
D.To spend his last days of presidency in Mount Rushmore.

4.Who played a vital role in providing money for the Rushmore project?.

A.Calvin Coolidge,
B.Doane Robinson,
C.Gutzon Borglum.
D.Franklin D.Roosevelt

5.President Franklin D.Roosevelt attended the dedication ceremony held for the head of______

A.Theodore Roosevelt
B.George Washington
C.Thomas Jefferson
D.Abraham Lincoln

6.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Apart from the numerous benefits and conveniences people around the world can enjoy due to the Internet, there are also multiple drawbacks (缺陷). There is one big problem almost any Internet user has encountered at least once in a lifetime -spam (垃圾郵件). Unlike what people might think, spam is not just an annoying but harmless email message. In fact, spam can be a dangerous tool capable of harming its receivers and should be outlawed.Spam can cause real damage. If you wonder bow a mere electronic let can be harmful, first recall the usual contents of spam letters Along with commercials and newsletters from electronic shops you have used just once, every email user is also at risk of reeving spam letters advertising pomography (淫穢內容), weapons, and other questionable content. Although it might be safe in the United States of America, the European Union, and some other western countries, it can be illegal in more religious countries special in Islamic states. A citizen of such a country who has received a spam letter with pomography can be thrown in jail for nothing. A person who never looked for such content might be accused of consuming it. This is not to mention child pornography, which is also distributed and advertised through spam messages.Having to deal with spam day by day can be stressful. Even though spam messages usually have an "unsubscribe" link, getting off a spammer's lists requires a number of actions, such as visiting the website, acknowledging unsubscription sending confirmation letters, and so on. This might be not a problem in the case of being a target of just several spammers; however, usually Internet users receive dozens of spam messages daily; unsubscribing from each of them is almost impossible. Many AOL users, who are now having hard times dealing with spam, report they are already close to the point when their mailboxes stop working.Spam can be harmful in yet another way. Rather often, spam emails contain viruses such as trojans, worms, unblockable ads, and the like. Opening a message with such a program can instantly damage users computers. Spam is a tool for all kinds of frauds; for example, popularare inheritance frauds, when a user receives a personalized and seemingly trustworthy email from a lawyer informing them about inheriting a sum of money, or real estate, and requiring them to send some personal data for a final check.Spam often advertises low quality, fake, or misleading products; various self-improvement and plastic surgery services and products are also distributed through spam no need to say they deal with more harm than use. All these facts speak in favor of the necessity to proclaim spam illegal. Which of the following is the drawback of the Internet according to the passage?

A.Users can easily get personal data
B.It costs a lot of money to subscribe newsletters.
C.Users may receive emails with questionable content
D.It’s inconvenient to receive electronic letters from the rural area.

7. What kind of spam can be ill in some religious countries?

A.Emails about inheritance.
B.Unsubscribed commercials,
C.Letters advertising pomography.
D.Letters requesting personal details.

8. What does the author think of dealing with spam day by day?

A.It is difficult.
B.It is pleasant
C.It is worthless.
D.It is expensive.

9.A computer can be damaged when people ______

A.write a spam email
B.open a spam email with viruses
C.send a span email to another user
D.fail to answer a spam email immediately

10.The spam problem should be taken seriously because spam ______

A.results in ill actions
B.speaks in favor of frauds
C.brings about more ham than use
D.leads to self improvement products

11.Passage3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Icons are objects in our environment that evoke deeply-felt emotional responses from those for whom they have a special, shared meaning. These magical items also function in popular art as a type of expression and provide both the creator and the audience with shared cultural experiences that carry with them a deep and meaningful significance far beyond their physical reality.Icons have a type of religious significance. It is this religious significance that provides them with their basic power. A few years ago there was a story about a silver chalice (圣杯) brought to a small town in Brazil by a visiting American priest which bore the following words: "In memory of Marilyn Monroe." A remarkable mixture of the sacred and the secular (世俗的), an integration of the strengths of both into a super icon.The Western romance is at its very basis religious in its implication. The hero, standing between the wilderness on the one hand and civilization on the other, balances, much like a priest, between the powers of light and darkness because he has the strengths of both and uses them against the weakness of the wilderness. The hero priest functions as a nineteenth-century savior by combining New Testament mercy with Old Testament justice.In the Western romance the gun, the horse, and the landscape are the central icons. While the horse enables the hero to move easily about the virtue-laden (富有美德的）and vice-ridden landscape, the gun aids him in the final judgment between good and evil. The hero's gun must, of course, be special, almost magical; it is given the power with the fores of life and death, right and wrong The hero's gun is not a tool, but a real extension of the manhood and the "rightness" of the hero-savior. Speaking of the horse as an icon, it is representative of the force of nature, mute evidence of the hero's mastery over nature, of his ability to command respect from nature's forces. Consistent with the iconic significance of the gun and the horse, is the landscape itself, which finds its most complete expression in film. The landscape is not just a backdrop against which the story is set, but rather an integral part of the action. It is the wilderness in all of its positive-negative completeness, being able to provide spiritual and physical healthfulness for the modern experience.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word icon"?

A.Tool
B.Symbol
C.Expression.
D.Experience

12.Why are icons important for artists?.

A.Icons are religiously significant
B.Icons make people physically responsive
C.Icons provide a bridge between the artist and the audience.
D.Icons are closely concerned with people"s daily experience

13.In the Western romance, the hero has to balance between the powers of light and darkness to______

A.restore a vanished civilization
B.Use civilization against wilderness
C.stand between wilderness and civilization
D.use them against the weaknesses of the wilderness

14.What does the horse in the Western romance represent?

A.The force of nature and the hero"s control over nature.
B.The virtue-laden and vice- ridden landscape.
C.The power with the forces of life and death.
D.The final judgment between good and evil.

15.In the Western romance, the landscape as a backdrop ______

A.offers the power with the forces of right and wrong
B.provides spiritual and physical healthfulness
C.gives an extension of manhood
D.has a bad moral effect

16.Passage4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.I was supposed to have been a nice, church-going Swiss housewife, but I ended up a psychiatrist in the American Southwest for my belief in the power of unconditional love that set me to work with AIDS-infected patients.I was destined to work with dying patients. I had no choice when I encountered my first AIDS patient. I felt called to travel some 250,000 miles each year to bold workshops that helped people cope with the most painful aspects of life, death and the transition between thetwo.Later in my life, I was compelled to buy a 300 acre farm in rural Virginia, and I poured all the money I earned from publishing and lectures into making it a reality. I constructed a healing center where I held workshops, allowing me to cut down on my busy travel schedule. I was planning to adopt AIDS infected babies, who would enjoy however many days remained of their lives in the splendor of the outdoors. After announcing my intention of adopting AIDS-infected babies, I became the most despised (厭惡) person in the whole Shenan?oah Valley, and even though I soon abandoned my plans, there was a group of men who did everything in their power short of killing me to get me to leave, They fired bullets through my windows and shot at my animals.The simple life on the farm was everything to me. The fields rolled out as far as I could see. Ancient trees offered their silent wisdom.Then, on October 6, 1994, my house was set on fire. It burned down to the ground and all my papers were destroyed. Everything I owned turned to ash.I was hurrying through the airport in Baltimore, trying to catch a plane home, when I got the news that it was on fire. The friend who told me begged me not to go home, not yet. But my whole life I had been told not to become a doctor, not to talk with dying patients, not to start an AIDS hospice (臨終安養院), and each time I had stubbornly (倔強的) done what felt right rather than what was expected.That is how I have lived. If I am opinionated and independent, if I am stuck in my ways, so what? That is me.Believing in the power of unconditional love, the author______

A.worked on a farm
B.Often went to church
C.became a psychiatrist
D.stayed home to do housework

17.The author built a healing center to______

A.hold workshops so as to save time in traveling
B.Isolate AIDS-infected babies
C.make money to buy a farm
D.enjoy the rest of her life

18.Why did the author try to leave the farm?

A.Some local people fired bullets through her windows
B.Some local people burned down her house.
C.Some local people threatened to kill her,"
D.Some local people shot at her animals.

19.What can be learnt about the author from the passage?

A.She would do what she was expected.
B.She would do what the farmers needed.
C.She would do what the neighbors asked,
D.She would do what she thought was right

20.The lat paragraph shows the author"s_______

A.hesitation
B.satisfaction
C.determination
D.light-heartedness

二、Speed Reading

(10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: Skim or scan the following passages. Decide on the best answers and write the corresponding letters on your Answer Sheet.

11.Passage5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passageWhen Wally Amos was little, his family was very poor After his parents got divorced, Amos went to live with his Aunt Della in New York City, His aunt loved to cook and she always made him special chocolate chip cookies.Wally dropped out of high school to join the army. After he completed his work in the army, he attended a secretarial school to learn shorthand, typing and accounting skill.Wally began baking chocolate chip cookies using a recipe similar to his aunts. He borrowed money from his friends and opened a small shop in California. The Famous Amos Cookie Company started. Soon he began to make money. Within the first two years, he was baking six tons of cookies a week and taking in over ＄4000.000 in sales each year.He sold his company to the Bass Brothers of Fort Worth, Texas, and his cookies were soon found in grocery stores and vending machines all across the United States.In 1992, Wally started a new cookie company called The Uncle Noname Cookie Company that made five different kinds of cookies. Each bag of cookies also had a recipe for lemonade on the bag. He added this recipe to the cookie bag because wally wanted his customers to know that, "...life hands them a lemon, they can turn it into lemonade". This expression means that if things happen that seem not to be so good at the time, later they can actually turn into something good.Then Wally Amos rejoined the first cookie company to work on sales. He wanted the company to return to the market. He also wanted it to sell some new flavors of cookies besides the popular chocolate chip cookie, to add graphics (圖樣) to the packaging, and to work on new national advertising to attract more customers.Wally has spent time as a literacy volunteer of America and he has given money to a special program called "Cities in Schools" which helps students stay in school., He also took time off in 1983 to write his autobiography, The Famous Amos Story: The Man Who Launched a Thousand Chips, In the meantime, Famous Amos had new shops popping up on the West Coast and franchised stores (特許商店)opening in Japan and its Asian neighbors.Wally Amos is best known for his enjoyment in making cookies and for making so many possibilities out of his life. What kind of school did Wally Amos attend after he left the army?

A.Chef school.
B.Bakery school.
C.Secretarial school
D.Accounting school.

12.Wally Amos started his Famous Amos Cookie Company with money borrowed from ______

A.his aunt
B.his friends
C.Bass Brothers
D.Noname Cookie Company

13.Why did Wally Amos add a lemonade recipe to each cookie bag?

A.The customers wanted a good deal
B.He wanted the customers to add lemonade to cookies
C.He liked lemonade and he wanted his customers to enjoy it
D.He wanted to show his customers things could be made better.

14.Why did Wally Amos rejoin the first cookie company?

A.To improve sales of cookies
B.To use graphics in advertising
C.To make new recipes for cookies.
D.To set national standards on packaging

15.What does the special program "Cities in Schools" aim at?

A.Attracting more students
B.Helping students remain in school
C.Teaching students to make cookies.
D.Encouraging students to do more writing

16.Passage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.About twenty years ago, when the Internet was not so easily accessible, children used to spend much more time outdoors. Nowadays, however, children prefer to spend free time at home, watching more TV, playing computer games, and so on. Although this may also be more comfortable for parents, as they can watch and control their child more easily when at home, for a child's sake, it is better to encourage him or her to play outdoors.According to a new study held in Australia, teenagers who are regularly engaged in moderate-to-vigorous outdoor activity tend to have better health and easier social interactions than' their peers who prefer to stay at home and play games, On average, the difference in time spent outdoors for these two groups was about 25 hours. Bamini Gopinath, a university professor, says that "Parents should be conscious of the fact that outdoor physical activity is beneficial to their child's overall health and well-being, and should try to limit the time their child spends in front of the screen".Indeed, as it has been discovered, outdoor activity does not just generally improve the way a child feel; there are a number of specific benefits a child or teenager receives from it. In particular, such children build stronger bones and muscles. They tend to be more flexible with a better sense of balance and a more healthy weight, Playing outdoors helps teenagers avoid or reduce stress and fee more relaxed, have more confidence in themselves, boosts self-esteem, and allows them to keep in touch with old friends and also make new ones.What is also important, playing outdoors helps children to develop sill connected to creativity and invention. The objects of the outdoors grant children with limitless possibilities for playing, and each time a child steps outside, these games change, or new ones are invented.Natural spaces and materials stimulate children's limitless imagination and serve as the medium of inventiveness and creativity. Creative skills that a child develops when playing outside can help him or her in the future -for example, when there is a need to solve a non-standard task, or come up with a new idea.Playing outside not only improves a child's general physical and psycho- emotional condition, but makes him or her physically stronger, more flexible, and self-confident It positively affects self-esteem, helps a child to maintain a healthy weight, and develop social contacts. Moreover, it contributes to the development of creative thinking and imagination. Therefore, parents should encourage their children to spend much more time outdoors.Why do parents feel more comfortable with their children at home?

A.Children feel relaxed at home.
B.Children can spend more time studying
C.Parents can easily keep an eye on their children.
D.Parents can play computer games with their children.

17.What does Bamini Gopinath suggest?

A.Parents should limit their children"s time on TV and computer.
B.Parents should encourage their children to stay indoors
C.Children should spend 2.5 hours every day outdoors.
D.Children should spend mire time with their peers

18.What does the author mainly discuss in Parngraph3?

A.The importance of social connections.
B.The benefits of outdoor activities.
C.The physical health of children.
D.The stress of teenagers.

19.We can learn from the passage that playing outdoors can help children ______

A.develop their creativity and imagination
B.improve their academic performances
C.perform well in the computer game
D.get rid of electronic gadgets

110.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A.Why Children Enjoy Computer Games
B.Why Children Do Not Like Playing Outdoors
C.Why Children Should Not Get Access to the Internet
D.Why Children Should Be Encouraged to Play Outside

三、Discourse Cloze

(10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write the letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.

21.In the waning year of the nineteenth century, the Time Traveler is entertaining some friends after dinner with a discussion of time (31)______. All things he says, exist not only in length, breadth, and thickness but in time as well. The only reason we cannot properly perceive the dimension of time is that (32)______To correct this condition and to test his theories, the Time Traveler has constructed a machine designed to help him move backwards or forwards (33)____ He jolts his skeptical guests(a politician,a doctor, and a psychologist when he shows them an actual model of the machine,(34)______He persuades the psychologist to press a lever, and suddenly the model disappears. The Time Traveler tells his astonished guests that as soon as his machine is perfected(35)______The next week the same group gathers at the Time Traveler's house, joined by a newspaper editor. Their host is late for dinner, and (36)______Can he actually have traveled into the future?Suddenly the door bursts open and the Time Traveler appears, dirty, disheveled and bedraggled, (37)______ After he has cleaned up and dressed and they have all dined, he tells the gusts his extraordinary story.In the week (38)______, the Time Traveler perfected his machine. That very morning, strapping himself into the time machine, he took off (39)  ______The travel was very uncomfortable, for the days and nights sped past in such rapid succession that his eyes hurt (40)______. Eventually, in the misty, strange world of the future, he brought his machine to a jolting halt and found himself in the year AD 802 701.(From The Time Machine)A.he hopes to launch himself into the futureB.we ourselves are moving in itC.After demonstrating his modelD.from the alternating light and darkE. as the fourth dimensionF. with a nasty cut on his chinG. which has taken him two years to constructH. like a rocket into the futureI. he wishes to get there in timeJ. from one place to anotherK. his guests wonder what is keeping himL. through the centuries （31）

22.(32)

23.(33)

24.(34)

25.(35)

26.(36)

27.(37)

28.(38)

29.(39)

210.(40)

四、WORD FORMATION

(10 points, 1 point for each)Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the bracket. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

31.(adequate)If that price is too low, he says, it will not__cover the expense of fuel, fertilizer and equipment.

32.(invent) The song gives a good example of Les Paul"s experimental style and__spirit.

33.(sweet) A friend of mine has learned to fry the bananas and__them with a little honey.

34.(survive) All of us know that water is extremely important not just for our__but also for our overall health and well-being.

35.(influence) Mr. Johnson was very__ in persuading the producers to put money into the film.

36.(fail) Three quarters of people with severe heart__will not live beyond five years.

37.(unite) A__effort is always more effective than an isolated complaint.

38.(famous) She moved to London in search of__and fortune.

39.(large) The ultimate goal will be to__networks of Parliaments on Science, Technology and Innovation.

310.(efficient) What is so impressive about their society is the__of the public services.

五、Gap Filling

(10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

41.

fall   give   go   know   leave   mean in   scatter   seem  unsteadily  up   with

After a while he said to me, "You don't have to stay in here with me, Papa, if it bothers you.""it doesn’t bother me.""No, I(51)____ you don't have to stay if it's going to bother you." I thought perhaps he was a little lightheaded and after (52) ____ him the prescribed capsules at eleven o'clock I(53)_____out for a while.It was a bright, cold day, the ground covered with a sleet that had frozen so that it (54)_____as if all the bare trees, the bushes, the cut brush and all the grass and the bare ground had been vanished with ice. 1 took the young Irish setter for a little walk (55)_____the road and along a frozen creek, but it was difficult to stand or walk on the gassy surface and the red dog slipped and slithered and I(56)_____twice, hard, once dropping my gun and having it slide away over the ice.We flushed a covey of quail under a high clay bank (57)_____overhanging brush and I killed two as they went out of sight over the top of the bank Some of the covey lit in trees, but most of them (58)_____into brush piles and it was necessary to jump on the ice-coated mounds of brush several times before they would flush, Coming out while you were poised (59)_____ on the icy, springy brush they made difficult shooting and l killed two, missed five, and started back pleased to have found a covey close to the house and happy there were so many (60)_____to find on another day.(From A Day's Wail)（51）

42.(52)

43.(53)

44.(54)

45.(55)

46.(56)

47.(57)

48.(58)

49.(59)

410.(60)

六、Short Answer Questions

(10 points, 5 points for each)Directions: The following 2 questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

51.How did the author help AIDS infected patients?

52.How did the author get to know her house was set on fire and what would she do with her patients?

七、TRANSLATION

(10 points, 2 points each)The following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraph carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

61.(63) To those old allies whose cultural sand spiritual origins we share. we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.(64) Divided, there is lite we can do--for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.To those new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, (65) we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed sway merely to .he replaced by a far greater Iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. (66) But we shall always hope to find, them strongly supporting their own freedom--- and to remember that, (67) in the pest those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside(From Inaugural Address)(63)

62.(64)

63.(65)

64.(66)

65.(67)